舊瀝青路面冷再生機(jī)租賃機(jī)械如何進(jìn)行全面施工呢？在現(xiàn)在全面道路建設(shè)的基礎(chǔ)上， 我們有很多公路方面的技術(shù)問題需要解決。現(xiàn)在中國面臨公路運(yùn)輸已呈現(xiàn)出大流量、重荷載的局面。提高公路的使用價(jià)值是非常迫切的問題。

How to carry out comprehensive construction of old asphalt pavement cold recycling machine rental machinery? On the basis of comprehensive road construction, we have many technical problems in the field of highways that need to be solved. Now China is facing a situation of high traffic and heavy loads in road transportation. Improving the value of highways is a very urgent issue.

在舊瀝青路面改造方面， 河北省邯鄲市、廊坊市和石家莊市均先后引進(jìn)了瀝青路面就地冷再生設(shè)備， 并進(jìn)行了大面積的施工嘗試， 都獲得了很好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。 實(shí)踐證明， 針對(duì)我省的公路現(xiàn)狀， 采用就地冷再生施工技術(shù)對(duì)舊瀝青路面進(jìn)行技術(shù)改造是科學(xué)可行的。

In terms of the renovation of old asphalt pavement, Handan City, Langfang City, and Shijiazhuang City in Hebei Province have successively introduced on-site cold recycling equipment for asphalt pavement and conducted large-scale construction attempts, all of which have achieved good economic and social benefits. Practice has proven that it is scientifically feasible to use on-site cold recycling construction technology to renovate old asphalt pavement in response to the current situation of highways in our province.

1、就地冷再生的施工原理瀝青路面就地冷再生并不是人們通常所理解的將已破損的瀝青路面重新恢復(fù)到完好的原始狀態(tài)， 而是將舊面層和部分基層一并打碎混合之后就地改建成新的基層（ 或底基層） 。 嚴(yán)格地講， 此工藝應(yīng)該稱之為舊瀝青路面材料的就地再利用。路面就地冷再生的工作原理， 是在原有舊路鋪層的基礎(chǔ)上， 按照新的設(shè)計(jì)要求， 選擇性地?fù)饺脒m量的骨料、水泥、石灰、粉煤灰、乳化瀝青、泡沫瀝青和水等外加材料， 利用就地冷再生設(shè)備，實(shí)際上就是一臺(tái)大型的穩(wěn)定土路拌機(jī)） , 在自然常溫下， 就地連續(xù)完成對(duì)舊鋪層（ 路面和部分基層） 的銑刨、破碎、添加料、拌和、攤鋪等工序， 隨后進(jìn)行找平和碾壓， 終修建出一種特殊級(jí)配的道路基層（ 或底基層） 。

1. The construction principle of on-site cold regeneration of asphalt pavement is not commonly understood as restoring damaged asphalt pavement to its original state, but rather breaking and mixing the old surface layer and some of the base layer, and then rebuilding it on site into a new base layer (or sub base layer). Strictly speaking, this process should be referred to as the in-situ reuse of old asphalt pavement materials. The working principle of cold in place recycling of pavement is to selectively add appropriate aggregate, cement, lime, fly ash, emulsified asphalt, foam asphalt, water and other external materials on the basis of the original old pavement layer according to the new design requirements. Using the cold in place recycling equipment, it is actually a large stabilized soil road mixer, Continuously complete the milling, crushing, adding materials, mixing, paving and other processes of the old pavement layer (road surface and some base layers) on site, followed by leveling and rolling, and finally build a special graded road base (or sub base).

2、就地冷再生的適用范圍和優(yōu)點(diǎn)由于就地冷再生施工是將原道路的面層和基層變成了新的道路基層（ 或底基層） , 致使新道路的面層至少要在此標(biāo)高的基礎(chǔ)上開始鋪筑， 況且在高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的道路改造中， 有時(shí)是將再生層作為底基層， 在此基礎(chǔ)上還要加鋪二灰碎石等基層材料， 這就使得改造之后的路面標(biāo)高遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于原來路面的標(biāo)高，沿路構(gòu)造物處路面的設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)將隨之發(fā)生變化。如果在城市道路中采用此法施工，原有的排水系統(tǒng)也將隨之受到一些影響。 因此， 對(duì)于路面標(biāo)高有較嚴(yán)格限制的道路，不宜采用此法施工。

2. The scope and advantages of on-site cold recycling are due to the fact that on-site cold recycling construction transforms the original road surface layer and base layer into a new road base layer (or sub base layer), which requires the new road surface layer to be laid at least on this elevation. Moreover, in high standard road renovations, sometimes the recycled layer is used as the sub base layer, and on this basis, base materials such as fly ash and crushed stone are also added, This makes the elevation of the renovated road surface much higher than the original elevation, and the design structure of the road surface along the road structure will change accordingly. If this method is used for construction on urban roads, the existing drainage system will also be affected. Therefore, for roads with strict restrictions on road surface elevation, this method should not be used for construction.

雖然就地冷再生的適用范圍受到路面標(biāo)高的限制，但在絕對(duì)多數(shù)的一般道路改造中，與傳統(tǒng)的施工方法相比，依然具有諸多的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。

Although the applicability of on-site cold regeneration is limited by road surface elevation, it still has many advantages compared to traditional construction methods in the vast majority of general road renovations.

（1）工序簡(jiǎn)單 由于原有舊路面的材料全部被就地利用， 省略了挖掘6 外運(yùn)6 廠內(nèi)加工及回填等一系列工作，使得施工工序大大簡(jiǎn)化。

(1) The process is simple. Due to the fact that all the materials from the original old road surface are used on site, a series of tasks such as excavation, external transportation, and internal processing and backfilling are omitted, greatly simplifying the construction process.

（2）成本較低 國外的一些施工資料顯示，與傳統(tǒng)的施工方法相比，由于舊的道路材料得以全部利用，隨著再生層厚度的不同，大致可以降低成本 20%~46%。厚度越深，降低成本越多，我國目前在這方面總結(jié)的資料還不多，但就從我省對(duì)該施工法進(jìn)行的定額測(cè)定結(jié)果來看，此工藝能夠降低工程成本是肯定的。

(2) According to some construction materials from foreign countries with lower costs, compared with traditional construction methods, due to the full utilization of old road materials, the cost can be reduced by approximately 20% to 46% with different thicknesses of recycled layers. The deeper the thickness, the greater the cost reduction. Currently, there is not much information summarized in this regard in China. However, based on the quota measurement results of this construction method in our province, it is certain that this technology can reduce engineering costs.

（3）提高道路等級(jí) 由于該施工法強(qiáng)化了基礎(chǔ)的承載能力# 如果新的設(shè)計(jì)  因?yàn)榕f料得以全部就地利用，減少了新材料的開采，節(jié)能環(huán)保。也不存在舊料運(yùn)輸和廢料隨意棄放的問題，施工過程沒有粉塵和廢氣的污染，節(jié)約了資源，保護(hù)了環(huán)境。與傳統(tǒng)的施工方法相比，由于舊的道路材料得以全部利用，降低材料采購成本。—施工效率高，工期短，減小交通封閉時(shí)間，社會(huì)效益明顯。由于原有舊路面的材料全部被就地利用，不需要挖掘、外運(yùn)、廠內(nèi)加工及回填等一系列工作，使得施工工序簡(jiǎn)化。

(3) Improving the road grade is due to the construction method strengthening the bearing capacity of the foundation. If the new design utilizes all the old materials on site, it reduces the mining of new materials and saves energy and environmental protection. There is also no problem with the transportation of old materials and the arbitrary disposal of waste materials. The construction process is free from dust and exhaust gas pollution, saving resources and protecting the environment. Compared with traditional construction methods, the use of old road materials reduces material procurement costs High construction efficiency, short construction period, reduced traffic closure time, and significant social benefits. Due to the fact that all materials from the original old road surface are utilized on-site, there is no need for excavation, transportation, factory processing, and backfilling, which simplifies the construction process.

二、瀝青路面就地冷再生施工的要求

2、 Requirements for on-site cold recycling construction of asphalt pavement

水泥穩(wěn)定就地冷再生混合料用做基層或底基層時(shí)，水泥劑量可采用4%～5%，一般不宜超過5.5%。水泥穩(wěn)定就地冷再生結(jié)構(gòu)層宜在春末和氣溫較高季節(jié)組織施工。施工期的日最低氣溫應(yīng)在5℃以上，在雨季施工時(shí)，應(yīng)特別注意氣候變化，勿使水泥和混合料遭雨淋。降雨時(shí)應(yīng)停止施工，已經(jīng)攤鋪的水泥混合料應(yīng)盡快碾壓密實(shí)。添加的碎石等外摻料和水泥應(yīng)撒布均勻。當(dāng)使用大噸位壓路機(jī)時(shí)，壓實(shí)度宜提高1%～2%。水泥穩(wěn)定就地冷再生結(jié)構(gòu)層宜采用18t以上的振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)碾壓。壓實(shí)厚度15～500px，采用18～20t振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)碾壓；超過500px以上壓實(shí)厚度應(yīng)采用25t以上振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)；冷再生結(jié)構(gòu)層碾壓工序應(yīng)在水泥初凝前完成。

When using cement stabilized cold recycled mixtures as base or sub base layers, the cement dosage can be 4% to 5%, and generally should not exceed 5.5%. The cold regeneration structure layer of cement stabilization should be organized for construction in late spring and high temperature seasons. The daily minimum temperature during the construction period should be above 5 ℃. During the rainy season, special attention should be paid to climate change to prevent cement and mixtures from being exposed to rain. Construction should be stopped during rainfall, and the already laid cement mixture should be compacted as soon as possible. The added crushed stones and other additives, as well as cement, should be evenly distributed. When using a large tonnage roller, the compactness should be increased by 1% to 2%. The cement stabilized on-site cold regeneration structure layer should be rolled by a vibrating roller with a capacity of 18 tons or more. The compaction thickness is 15-500px, and 18-20t vibrating rollers are used for compaction; If the compaction thickness exceeds 500px, a vibrating roller of 25t or more should be used; The rolling process of the cold recycled structural layer should be completed before the initial setting of the cement.

三、瀝青路面就地冷再生施工施工工藝

3、 On site cold regeneration construction technology for asphalt pavement

1、配合比設(shè)計(jì)

1. Mix proportion design

在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)再生機(jī)按6m/min～8m/min勻速緩慢拌和進(jìn)行取樣，試驗(yàn)室對(duì)所取混合料進(jìn)行篩分，分析混合料級(jí)配滿足規(guī)范級(jí)配要求，按5%水泥劑量進(jìn)行試配強(qiáng)度滿足設(shè)計(jì)需要

Slowly mix at a constant speed of 6m/min to 8m/min in the on-site regeneration machine for sampling. The laboratory screens the selected mixture and analyzes that its gradation meets the specified gradation requirements. The strength of the trial mix is determined to meet the design requirements at a 5% cement dosage

2、施工放樣

2. Construction layout

在再生施工之前，應(yīng)在道路的兩側(cè)放置一系列的標(biāo)樁作為基線，用來恢復(fù)道路的中心線。標(biāo)樁的間距，曲線距離不應(yīng)超過20米，直線距離不應(yīng)超過40米。

Before the regeneration construction, a series of stakes should be placed on both sides of the road as baselines to restore the centerline of the road. The spacing between stakes should not exceed 20 meters on curves and 40 meters on straight lines.

3、整理原路面

3. Organize the original road surface

清除原道路表面的石塊、垃圾、雜草等雜物和積水，并清理邊線。對(duì)原路的翻漿、車轍、沉陷、波浪、坑槽等病害進(jìn)行處理，使原路基本平整。

Remove debris such as stones, garbage, weeds, and standing water from the original road surface, and clean the edges. Treat the diseases such as mud turning, rutting, sinking, waves, and potholes on the original road to make it basically level.

4、準(zhǔn)備新加料

4. Prepare new materials

據(jù)原道路再生深度內(nèi)的平均密度，計(jì)算每平米新料的添加量。根據(jù)每車料的質(zhì)量或體積，計(jì)算每車料的堆放距離。

Calculate the amount of new material added per square meter based on the average density within the original road regeneration depth. Calculate the stacking distance for each vehicle based on its mass or volume.

5、擺放和撒布水泥

5. Placing and spreading cement

根據(jù)計(jì)劃當(dāng)日完成工程量及每袋水泥（50Kg）的攤鋪面積，計(jì)算所需水泥用量，將水泥送至撒鋪路段，按每延米用量均勻擺放。在工作面用石灰方格網(wǎng)進(jìn)行標(biāo)注撒鋪，人工將水泥均勻攤開，注意使每袋水泥的撒布面積相等。水泥撒布完后，檢查水泥撒布是否均勻。

According to the planned completion quantity on the same day and the paving area of each bag of cement (50kg), calculate the required amount of cement, and send the cement to the paving section, evenly placing it according to the amount per linear meter. Mark and spread with lime grid on the working face, manually spread the cement evenly, and ensure that the spreading area of each bag of cement is equal. After the cement is spread, check if the cement is evenly distributed.

6、冷再生機(jī)銑刨與拌和

6. Cold regeneration machine milling and mixing

冷再生機(jī)推動(dòng)稀漿車或水車在原路面上行進(jìn)。施工中再生深度的檢查以相鄰已經(jīng)再生或原路面為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，用鋼纖刺入土中，測(cè)量其刺入深度，看其深度是否合格。再生機(jī)后宜安排4～5人處理邊線和清理混合料中的雜質(zhì)以及每刀起始位置的余料，以防止影響縱向接縫、橫向接縫、平整度和再生材料的密實(shí)性。帶有熨平板的再生機(jī)，應(yīng)經(jīng)常檢查熨平板后混合料的厚度。

The cold regeneration machine drives the slurry truck or water truck to move on the original road surface. The inspection of the depth of regeneration during construction shall be based on the adjacent regenerated or original road surface. Steel fibers shall be inserted into the soil, and the penetration depth shall be measured to see if it is qualified. After the regeneration machine, it is advisable to arrange 4-5 people to handle the edges and clean the impurities in the mixture, as well as the remaining materials at the starting position of each blade, to prevent affecting the longitudinal and transverse joints, flatness, and compactness of the recycled material. A regeneration machine with an iron plate should regularly check the thickness of the mixture after the iron plate is pressed.

7、整平碾壓

7. Leveling and Rolling

冷再生機(jī)拌和完成后，用J20振動(dòng)壓路機(jī)進(jìn)行初壓，施工人員根據(jù)測(cè)量結(jié)果指揮平地機(jī)進(jìn)行整平。碾壓過程中始終保持表面濕潤(rùn)，禁止在已碾壓的路段上調(diào)頭或急剎車。從加水拌和到碾壓終止的時(shí)間不得超過使用水泥的初凝時(shí)間。

After the cold regeneration machine is mixed, the J20 vibrating roller is used for initial compaction, and the construction personnel command the leveling machine to level based on the measurement results. During the rolling process, always keep the surface moist and do not turn around or brake sharply on the road section that has already been rolled. The time from mixing with water to the end of compaction shall not exceed the initial setting time of the cement used.

8、養(yǎng)生及交通管制

8. Health and traffic control

碾壓成型并檢測(cè)合格后進(jìn)行不少于7天養(yǎng)生，水泥穩(wěn)定就地冷再生層宜養(yǎng)生7天后鋪筑上層混合料。除灑水車外，應(yīng)封閉交通。不能封閉交通時(shí)，應(yīng)限制重車通行。

After rolling and passing the inspection, the concrete should be cured for no less than 7 days. The cement stabilized cold recycled layer should be cured for 7 days before laying the upper layer mixture. Except for sprinkler trucks, traffic should be closed off. When traffic cannot be closed, heavy vehicles should be restricted from passing.

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