在道路養(yǎng)護(hù)領(lǐng)域，冷再生技術(shù)通過(guò)原位循環(huán)利用廢舊瀝青路面材料，實(shí)現(xiàn)資源節(jié)約與環(huán)境友好。然而，中國(guó)幅員遼闊的氣候特征，使冷再生技術(shù)的應(yīng)用面臨多重挑戰(zhàn)。通過(guò)構(gòu)建氣候適應(yīng)性技術(shù)體系，可顯著提升冷再生路面在復(fù)雜氣候條件下的性能表現(xiàn)。

　　In the field of road maintenance, cold recycling technology achieves resource conservation and environmental friendliness by in-situ recycling of waste asphalt pavement materials. However, the vast climate characteristics of China pose multiple challenges to the application of cold recycling technology. By constructing a climate adaptive technology system, the performance of cold recycled road surfaces can be significantly improved under complex climate conditions.

　　一、氣候因子的多維影響機(jī)制

　　1、 Multidimensional impact mechanism of climate factors

　　氣候要素對(duì)冷再生技術(shù)的作用呈現(xiàn)復(fù)合效應(yīng)：

　　The effect of climate factors on cold regeneration technology presents a composite effect:

　　溫度梯度效應(yīng)

　　Temperature gradient effect

　　在-20℃至40℃的溫變范圍內(nèi)，冷再生材料的強(qiáng)度形成規(guī)律截然不同。低溫環(huán)境（<5℃）下，乳化瀝青破乳速度減緩，需通過(guò)化學(xué)改性加速固化進(jìn)程；高溫環(huán)境（>35℃）時(shí)，需添加緩凝劑防止早期車轍。

　　The strength formation pattern of cold recycled materials is completely different within the temperature range of -20 ℃ to 40 ℃. At low temperatures (<5 ℃), the demulsification rate of emulsified asphalt slows down, and chemical modification is needed to accelerate the curing process; When in high temperature environments (>35 ℃), it is necessary to add retarders to prevent early rutting.

　　濕度循環(huán)作用

　　Humidity cycle effect

　　年降雨量從200mm至2000mm的跨度，導(dǎo)致冷再生層的水穩(wěn)定性需求差異顯著。在濕潤(rùn)氣候區(qū)，需采用高粘度乳化瀝青與水泥復(fù)合穩(wěn)定，使干濕劈裂強(qiáng)度比提升至80%以上。

　　The span of annual rainfall from 200mm to 2000mm results in significant differences in water stability requirements for the cold regeneration layer. In humid climate zones, it is necessary to use high viscosity emulsified asphalt and cement composite stabilization to increase the dry wet splitting strength ratio to over 80%.

　　凍融循環(huán)挑戰(zhàn)

　　Freeze thaw cycle challenge

　　在季節(jié)性凍土區(qū)，年凍融循環(huán)次數(shù)可達(dá)30次以上。冷再生材料需通過(guò)纖維增強(qiáng)與孔隙優(yōu)化，將凍融劈裂強(qiáng)度比控制在75%以上，避免因冰脹應(yīng)力導(dǎo)致的層間剝離。

　　In seasonally frozen soil areas, the annual freeze-thaw cycle can reach more than 30 times. Cold recycled materials need to be reinforced with fibers and optimized for pores to control the freeze-thaw splitting strength ratio above 75%, avoiding interlayer delamination caused by ice swelling stress.

　　二、寒冷氣候區(qū)技術(shù)適配

　　2、 Technical adaptation for cold climate regions

　　針對(duì)低溫環(huán)境，冷再生技術(shù)需實(shí)施三大適應(yīng)性改造：

　　For low-temperature environments, cold regeneration technology needs to undergo three major adaptive transformations:

　　材料配方優(yōu)化

　　Material formula optimization

　　采用SBR膠乳改性乳化瀝青，將玻璃化轉(zhuǎn)變溫度降低至-15℃，確保-10℃環(huán)境下仍可施工。摻入2%硅烷偶聯(lián)劑，提升骨料與瀝青的界面粘結(jié)強(qiáng)度。

　　SBR latex modified emulsified asphalt is used to reduce the glass transition temperature to -15 ℃, ensuring that construction can still be carried out in an environment of -10 ℃. Adding 2% silane coupling agent to enhance the interfacial bonding strength between aggregate and asphalt.

　　設(shè)備功能升級(jí)

　　Equipment function upgrade

　　冷再生機(jī)配備柴油加熱系統(tǒng)與保溫料倉(cāng)，使混合料出料溫度維持在15℃以上。在-20℃環(huán)境中，通過(guò)紅外預(yù)熱裝置對(duì)舊路面板進(jìn)行輻射加熱，提升銑刨效率30%。

　　The cold regeneration machine is equipped with a diesel heating system and a thermal insulation bin to maintain the discharge temperature of the mixture above 15 ℃. In an environment of -20 ℃, the old pavement panel is heated by radiation through an infrared preheating device, which improves milling efficiency by 30%.

　　養(yǎng)生工藝創(chuàng)新

　　Innovation in Health Preservation Techniques

　　采用“薄膜覆蓋+電熱布”復(fù)合養(yǎng)生工藝，在-5℃環(huán)境下，7天養(yǎng)生強(qiáng)度可達(dá)設(shè)計(jì)值的90%。配套溫濕度傳感器，實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)養(yǎng)生環(huán)境，自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)加熱功率。

　　Adopting the composite health preservation process of "film coverage+electric heating cloth", the health preservation strength can reach 90% of the design value in a -5 ℃ environment for 7 days. Equipped with temperature and humidity sensors, real-time monitoring of the health environment, and automatic adjustment of heating power.

　　三、濕熱氣候區(qū)技術(shù)適配

　　3、 Technical adaptation to humid and hot climate zones

　　針對(duì)高溫多雨環(huán)境，冷再生技術(shù)需強(qiáng)化三大性能維度：

　　For high-temperature and rainy environments, cold regeneration technology needs to strengthen three major performance dimensions:

　　水穩(wěn)定性能提升

　　Improved water stability performance

　　摻入3%水泥與0.5%消石灰，通過(guò)火山灰反應(yīng)生成水化硅酸鈣凝膠，將水穩(wěn)定性系數(shù)提高至0.95。采用疏水型乳化瀝青，接觸角達(dá)110°，顯著降低吸水率。

　　3% cement and 0.5% slaked lime are added to produce hydrated calcium silicate gel through pozzolanic reaction, which increases the water stability coefficient to 0.95. Using hydrophobic emulsified asphalt with a contact angle of 110 ° significantly reduces water absorption.

　　抗車轍能力增強(qiáng)

　　Enhanced anti rutting ability

　　在混合料中添加聚酯纖維與橡膠顆粒，形成三維增強(qiáng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。實(shí)測(cè)顯示，60℃動(dòng)穩(wěn)定度可達(dá)8000次/mm，較常規(guī)配方提升3倍。

　　Add polyester fibers and rubber particles to the mixture to form a three-dimensional reinforcement network. Actual testing shows that the dynamic stability at 60 ℃ can reach 8000 cycles/mm, which is three times higher than the conventional formula.

　　排水功能集成

　　Integrated drainage function

　　設(shè)計(jì)大孔隙冷再生結(jié)構(gòu)層，目標(biāo)空隙率18%-22%。通過(guò)高滲水系數(shù)（>0.3cm/s），實(shí)現(xiàn)雨水快速下排，避免水損害導(dǎo)致的早期破壞。

　　Design a large pore cold regeneration structure layer with a target porosity of 18% -22%. By using a high permeability coefficient (>0.3cm/s), rainwater can be quickly discharged to avoid early damage caused by water damage.

　　四、干旱氣候區(qū)技術(shù)適配

　　4、 Technological adaptation in arid climate zones

　　針對(duì)低濕度環(huán)境，冷再生技術(shù)需解決兩大核心問(wèn)題：

　　For low humidity environments, cold regeneration technology needs to address two core issues:

　　保水養(yǎng)生技術(shù)

　　Water retention and health preservation techniques

　　開發(fā)高分子保水劑，吸水倍率達(dá)300倍。在混合料中摻入0.3%保水劑，可維持7天養(yǎng)生期內(nèi)部相對(duì)濕度>80%，強(qiáng)度形成速率提升40%。

　　Develop polymer water retaining agent with a water absorption rate of up to 300 times. Adding 0.3% water retaining agent to the mixture can maintain a relative humidity of over 80% during the 7-day curing period, and increase the strength formation rate by 40%.

　　抗風(fēng)蝕設(shè)計(jì)

　　Anti wind erosion design

　　在冷再生層表面噴涂環(huán)保型固化劑，形成0.5mm厚防護(hù)膜。風(fēng)洞試驗(yàn)顯示，在12m/s風(fēng)速下，表面骨料剝落量降低至2g/m?以下，滿足抗風(fēng)蝕要求。

　　Spray environmentally friendly curing agent on the surface of the cold regeneration layer to form a 0.5mm thick protective film. Wind tunnel tests have shown that at a wind speed of 12m/s, the amount of surface aggregate peeling is reduced to below 2g/m ?, meeting the requirements for wind erosion resistance.

　　五、氣候適應(yīng)性技術(shù)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)

　　5、 Development Trends of Climate Adaptation Technologies

　　隨著材料科學(xué)與智能建造的融合，冷再生技術(shù)正呈現(xiàn)兩大進(jìn)化方向：

　　With the integration of materials science and intelligent construction, cold recycling technology is presenting two major evolutionary directions:

　　智能氣候響應(yīng)系統(tǒng)

　　Intelligent Climate Response System

　　開發(fā)基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的智能冷再生車，集成溫濕度傳感器、自動(dòng)配料系統(tǒng)與氣候補(bǔ)償算法?？筛鶕?jù)實(shí)時(shí)氣象數(shù)據(jù)，動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)整乳化瀝青用量與添加劑摻量，實(shí)現(xiàn)“一路一策”的精準(zhǔn)施工。

　　Develop an intelligent cold recycling vehicle based on the Internet of Things, integrating temperature and humidity sensors, automatic batching systems, and climate compensation algorithms. Real time meteorological data can be used to dynamically adjust the dosage of emulsified asphalt and additives, achieving precise construction with "one route, one strategy".

　　全氣候通用型材料

　　All climate universal material

　　研發(fā)溫敏性納米改性劑，使冷再生材料具備“低溫促凝、高溫緩凝”的雙重特性。在-10℃至40℃范圍內(nèi)，強(qiáng)度形成時(shí)間可控制在4-8小時(shí)，顯著拓寬冷再生技術(shù)的氣候適用范圍。

　　Developing temperature sensitive nano modifiers to endow cold recycled materials with dual characteristics of "low-temperature coagulation promotion and high-temperature coagulation retardation". Within the temperature range of -10 ℃ to 40 ℃, the strength formation time can be controlled within 4-8 hours, significantly expanding the climate applicability of cold regeneration technology.

　　不同氣候區(qū)冷再生技術(shù)的應(yīng)用差異，本質(zhì)是材料性能、設(shè)備功能與施工工藝的協(xié)同適配。通過(guò)構(gòu)建氣候適應(yīng)性技術(shù)體系，冷再生技術(shù)已突破傳統(tǒng)氣候限制，在寒冷、濕熱、干旱等多元環(huán)境中展現(xiàn)出卓越的性能表現(xiàn)。這種技術(shù)進(jìn)化不僅推動(dòng)了道路養(yǎng)護(hù)的綠色轉(zhuǎn)型，更為基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的可持續(xù)建設(shè)提供了創(chuàng)新解決方案。

　　The application differences of cold recycling technology in different climate zones are essentially the collaborative adaptation of material properties, equipment functions, and construction processes. By constructing a climate adaptive technology system, cold regeneration technology has broken through traditional climate limitations and demonstrated excellent performance in diverse environments such as cold, humid, and dry. This technological evolution not only promotes the green transformation of road maintenance, but also provides innovative solutions for the sustainable construction of infrastructure.

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