廢舊瀝青路面材料再生利用技術(shù)根據(jù)拌和方式和施工場地的不同，分為廠拌熱再生、廠拌冷再生、就地?zé)嵩偕途偷乩湓偕?。由于就地?zé)嵩偕F(xiàn)場設(shè)備加熱深度有限，全深式再生基本以就地冷再生為主，可以說，全深式冷再生是就地冷再生的其中一類。

The recycling and utilization technology of waste asphalt pavement materials can be divided into plant mixed hot recycling, plant mixed cold recycling, on-site geothermal recycling, and on-site cold recycling according to different mixing methods and construction sites. Due to the limited heating depth of on-site equipment for geothermal regeneration, full depth regeneration is mainly based on on-site cold regeneration. It can be said that full depth cold regeneration is one type of on-site cold regeneration.

　　再生技術(shù)的對比

Comparison of regeneration technologies

　　廠拌與就地是指再生混合料的生產(chǎn)場地不同；冷與熱是指拌和生產(chǎn)的溫度不同。就地、冷、熱再生均需要專門的設(shè)備，廠拌熱再生的拌和生產(chǎn)是在改進(jìn)后的熱拌設(shè)備上進(jìn)行，而廠拌冷再生根據(jù)所采用的膠結(jié)料不同，設(shè)備也有一定差異。冷再生回收料的摻量主要受級配控制，熱再生回收料的摻量主要受加熱與投送設(shè)備和級配控制。

Factory mixing and on-site mixing refer to the different production sites for recycled mixtures; Cold and hot refer to the different temperatures used in mixing and production. On site, cold, and hot regeneration all require specialized equipment. The mixing production of plant mixed hot regeneration is carried out on improved hot mixing equipment, and the equipment for plant mixed cold regeneration varies depending on the type of binder used. The dosage of cold recycled materials is mainly controlled by gradation, while the dosage of hot recycled materials is mainly controlled by heating and delivery equipment and gradation.

　　根據(jù)再生技術(shù)的不同，材料組成設(shè)計(jì)方法具有明顯差異，熱再生混合料配合比設(shè)計(jì)采用馬歇爾擊實(shí)體積設(shè)計(jì)法，冷再生混合料配合比設(shè)計(jì)采用改進(jìn)的馬歇爾擊實(shí)法，并無體積指標(biāo)的要求，很顯然一類是按照熱拌瀝青混合料進(jìn)行組成設(shè)計(jì)，另一類是按照半剛性基層材料進(jìn)行組成設(shè)計(jì)，相應(yīng)的材料標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也不同，熱再生混合料依據(jù)熱拌瀝青混合料標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，冷再生混合料考慮到力學(xué)性能的差異，并非參考半剛性基層材料標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而是采用獨(dú)特的、介于半剛性與柔性材料之間的一套材料標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，因此，就材料性能而言，熱再生混合料優(yōu)于冷再生混合料。

According to different recycling technologies, there are significant differences in material composition design methods. The mix proportion design of hot recycled mixtures adopts Marshall compaction volume design method, while the mix proportion design of cold recycled mixtures adopts improved Marshall compaction method without volume index requirements. It is obvious that one type is designed according to the composition of hot mixed asphalt mixture, and the other type is designed according to the composition of semi-rigid base materials, with corresponding material standards also different. Hot recycled mixtures are designed according to the standards of hot mixed asphalt mixture, while cold recycled mixtures consider the differences in mechanical properties, not referring to the standards of semi-rigid base materials, but using a unique set of material standards between semi-rigid and flexible materials. Therefore, in terms of material performance, hot recycled mixtures are superior to cold recycled mixtures. Recycled mixtures.

　　熱再生混合料的拌和工藝

Mixing process of hot recycled mixtures

　　由于冷再生與熱再生混合料拌和工藝的不同，熱再生技術(shù)需要對回收料，加熱之后輸送添加到拌缸中，加熱的回收料由于瀝青軟化而產(chǎn)生黏性，須對普通礦料加熱與輸送設(shè)備專門的改造設(shè)計(jì)，否則將導(dǎo)致間歇式拌和樓加熱滾筒內(nèi)壁和熱料倉振動(dòng)篩黏結(jié)較多回收料細(xì)顆粒，而無法正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)或低效運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，嚴(yán)重影響熱拌瀝青混合料的生產(chǎn)。

Due to the difference in mixing processes between cold and hot recycling mixtures, hot recycling technology requires the recovery of materials. After heating, they are transported and added to the mixing tank. The heated recovery of materials produces viscosity due to the softening of asphalt. Therefore, it is necessary to specially modify and design the heating and conveying equipment for ordinary mineral materials. Otherwise, it will result in more fine particles of the recovered materials sticking to the inner wall of the heating drum in the intermittent mixing plant and the vibrating screen of the hot material bin, which will not operate normally or be inefficient, seriously affecting the production of hot mix asphalt mixtures.

　　度和黏度檢測就顯得尤為重要。

The detection of viscosity and viscosity is particularly important.

　　冷再生混合料的拌和工藝

Mixing process of cold recycled mixtures

　　冷再生技術(shù)施工簡便、回收料摻量較大，是提高利用率最直接有效的措施，也是目前應(yīng)用較為廣泛的一項(xiàng)技術(shù)。

Cold recycling technology is a simple construction method with a large amount of recycled materials, which is the most direct and effective measure to improve utilization efficiency. It is also a widely used technology at present.

　　冷再生采用乳化瀝青或泡沫瀝青，輔以水泥，作為新的膠結(jié)料體系，將回收料黏結(jié)在一起，形成一定強(qiáng)度、穩(wěn)定性的柔性材料。其中，廠拌冷再生一般采用乳化瀝青、輔以水泥的方式，在拌和場集中生產(chǎn)、輸運(yùn)到工地、攤鋪碾壓、養(yǎng)生后開放交通，國內(nèi)應(yīng)用該技術(shù)已有十幾年的時(shí)間；就地冷再生多采用泡沫瀝青、輔以水泥的方式，現(xiàn)場的再生技術(shù)主要是對設(shè)備有較高的要求，需要配置一系列機(jī)具和設(shè)備，其中最關(guān)鍵的瀝青發(fā)泡設(shè)備，目前國外廠家的設(shè)備應(yīng)用較多。但由于就地冷再生需要現(xiàn)場添加新骨料及水泥，而且工地材料顆粒及性能變異性大，鋪筑泡沫冷再生混合料施工質(zhì)量控制難度較大。而對于廠拌冷再生混合料施工，回收料在拌和場分檔、檢測后，集中拌和生產(chǎn)，可以充分控制質(zhì)量，對材料性能的發(fā)揮具有更加可靠的保證。

Cold recycling uses emulsified asphalt or foam asphalt, supplemented by cement, as a new binder system, to bond the recycled materials together to form a flexible material with certain strength and stability. Among them, plant mixed cold recycling generally adopts the method of emulsified asphalt and supplemented with cement, which is centrally produced in the mixing plant, transported to the construction site, paved and rolled, and opened to traffic after health preservation. This technology has been applied in China for more than a decade; The on-site cold recycling mostly uses foam asphalt supplemented by cement. The on-site recycling technology mainly has high requirements for equipment and needs to be equipped with a series of machines, tools and equipment, of which the most critical is asphalt foaming equipment. At present, foreign manufacturers use more equipment. However, due to the need for on-site cold recycling to add new aggregate and cement, and the large variability of site material particles and performance, it is difficult to control the construction quality of paving foam cold recycling mixture. For the construction of plant mixed cold recycled mixtures, the recycled materials are divided and tested in the mixing plant, and then mixed and produced in a centralized manner, which can fully control the quality and provide a more reliable guarantee for the performance of the materials.

　　冷再生混合料采用乳化瀝青或泡沫瀝青作為新的膠結(jié)料，乳化瀝青冷再生與泡沫瀝青冷再生混合料的強(qiáng)度增長機(jī)理也是不同的。冷再生乳化瀝青是中裂、慢裂拌和型陽離子乳化瀝青，廠拌冷再生用慢裂型，就地冷再生和全深式冷再生用中裂、慢裂型均可。性能指標(biāo)包括破乳速度、篩上殘留物比例、黏度、黏附性、拌和均勻度、儲(chǔ)存穩(wěn)定性，以及蒸發(fā)殘留物含量、針入度、延度和溶解度等十余項(xiàng)；冷再生泡沫瀝青技術(shù)指標(biāo)有膨脹率和半衰期，可以通過調(diào)整發(fā)泡溫度、用水量和氣壓等來改善。

The cold recycling mixture uses emulsified asphalt or foam asphalt as a new binder. The strength growth mechanism of emulsified asphalt cold recycling mixture is different from that of foam asphalt cold recycling mixture. Cold recycled emulsified asphalt is a mixed cationic emulsified asphalt with medium and slow cracks. It can be used for factory mixed cold recycling with slow cracks, on-site cold recycling, and full depth cold recycling with medium and slow cracks. Performance indicators include more than ten items, including demulsification speed, proportion of residue on screen, viscosity, adhesion, mixing uniformity, storage stability, as well as evaporation residue content, penetration, ductility, and solubility; Technical indexes of cold recycled foam asphalt include expansion rate and half-life, which can be improved by adjusting foaming temperature, water consumption and air pressure.

　　從以上技術(shù)指標(biāo)可知，乳化瀝青有微顆粒大小及均勻度的要求，而泡沫瀝青卻無微顆粒的要求，這在一定程度上決定了強(qiáng)度形成規(guī)律，通過試件的橫截面發(fā)現(xiàn)，泡沫瀝青冷再生混合料中存在均勻分布的黑點(diǎn)，而乳化瀝青冷再生混合料卻無這種情況，一個(gè)是點(diǎn)狀分布而另一個(gè)是均勻分布。相比而言，乳化瀝青冷再生混合料在強(qiáng)度方面略優(yōu)于泡沫瀝青冷再生混合料。

From the above technical indicators, it can be seen that emulsified asphalt has requirements for the size and uniformity of micro particles, while foam asphalt has no requirements for micro particles, which to some extent determines the strength formation law. Through the cross section of the test piece, it is found that there are evenly distributed black spots in the cold recycled mixture of foam asphalt, but this is not the case for the cold recycled mixture of emulsified asphalt. One is distributed in spots and the other is distributed evenly. In contrast, the strength of emulsified asphalt cold recycling mixture is slightly better than that of foam asphalt cold recycling mixture.

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