工作原理

Working principle

路拌機主要由發(fā)動機、傳動系統(tǒng)、工作裝置、行走系統(tǒng)和控制系統(tǒng)等部分組成。工作時，發(fā)動機提供動力，通過傳動系統(tǒng)將動力傳遞給工作裝置。工作裝置通常包括轉(zhuǎn)子和刀具，轉(zhuǎn)子在旋轉(zhuǎn)時，刀具切入路面材料，將其破碎、攪拌，并與其他添加材料（如水泥、石灰、水等）均勻混合。行走系統(tǒng)帶動路拌機在路面上移動，使攪拌工作能夠連續(xù)進行，同時控制系統(tǒng)可以調(diào)節(jié)工作裝置的轉(zhuǎn)速、刀具的切入深度以及行走速度等參數(shù)，以滿足不同的施工要求。

The road mixer is mainly composed of engine, transmission system, working device, walking system, and control system. During operation, the engine provides power and transmits it to the working device through the transmission system. The working device usually includes a rotor and a cutting tool. When the rotor rotates, the cutting tool cuts into the road material, crushes and mixes it evenly with other added materials such as cement, lime, water, etc. The walking system drives the road mixer to move on the road surface, enabling continuous mixing work. At the same time, the control system can adjust parameters such as the speed of the working device, the depth of the cutting tool, and the walking speed to meet different construction requirements.

類型特點

Type characteristics

自行式路拌機：這種路拌機具有獨立的行走機構(gòu)和動力系統(tǒng)，能夠自主行駛到施工地點，機動性強，適用于大型道路工程的施工。其工作裝置功率較大，可以攪拌較厚的路面材料層，施工效率高。例如，在高速公路的基層施工中，自行式路拌機能夠快速完成大面積的材料攪拌工作。

Self propelled road mixer: This type of road mixer has an independent walking mechanism and power system, which can autonomously travel to the construction site. It has strong maneuverability and is suitable for the construction of large-scale road projects. Its working device has a high power and can mix thick layers of road materials, resulting in high construction efficiency. For example, in the grassroots construction of highways, self-propelled road mixers can quickly complete large-scale material mixing work.

拖式路拌機：拖式路拌機需要由其他車輛牽引才能移動，它的結(jié)構(gòu)相對簡單，成本較低。適用于一些小型道路施工或場地較為狹窄的區(qū)域。拖式路拌機的工作裝置通常較小，適合攪拌較薄的路面材料層，但由于需要牽引車帶動，其機動性相對自行式路拌機要差一些。

Trailing road mixer: Trailing road mixer needs to be towed by other vehicles to move, and its structure is relatively simple and cost-effective. Suitable for small road construction or narrow areas of the site. The working device of a trailer road mixer is usually smaller and suitable for mixing thinner layers of road materials. However, due to the need for a tractor to drive it, its maneuverability is relatively poor compared to a self-propelled road mixer.

操作注意事項

Precautions for operation

施工前準備：在使用路拌機前，需要對施工場地進行清理，確保路面平整，無障礙物。同時，要檢查路拌機的各個部件是否正常，如刀具的磨損情況、傳動系統(tǒng)的潤滑情況等，保證設(shè)備處于良好的工作狀態(tài)。

Preparation before construction: Before using the road mixer, it is necessary to clean the construction site to ensure that the road surface is flat and free of obstacles. At the same time, it is necessary to check whether the various components of the road mixer are normal, such as the wear of the cutting tools, the lubrication of the transmission system, etc., to ensure that the equipment is in good working condition.

材料選擇與配比：根據(jù)施工要求，準確選擇路面材料，并嚴格按照設(shè)計的配合比進行配料。不同的道路工程對材料的要求不同，例如水泥穩(wěn)定碎石基層，對碎石的粒徑、水泥的標號以及含水量等都有嚴格的規(guī)定，必須按照規(guī)范進行選擇和配比，以保證攪拌后的材料性能符合工程質(zhì)量要求。

Material selection and proportioning: Accurately select pavement materials according to construction requirements and strictly follow the designed proportioning for batching. Different road projects have different requirements for materials, such as cement stabilized crushed stone base. There are strict regulations on the particle size of crushed stone, cement grade, and moisture content, which must be selected and proportioned according to the specifications to ensure that the performance of the mixed materials meets the quality requirements of the project.

操作規(guī)范：操作人員在啟動路拌機后，應(yīng)先空轉(zhuǎn)一段時間，觀察設(shè)備運行是否正常，然后再緩慢將刀具切入路面材料。在攪拌過程中，要根據(jù)材料的攪拌情況和施工要求，適時調(diào)整刀具的切入深度、轉(zhuǎn)子的轉(zhuǎn)速以及行走速度等參數(shù)。同時，要注意觀察路拌機的運行狀態(tài)，如發(fā)現(xiàn)異常聲音或振動，應(yīng)立即停機檢查，排除故障后再繼續(xù)施工。

Operation specification: After starting the road mixer, the operator should first idle for a period of time, observe whether the equipment is running normally, and then slowly cut the cutting tool into the road material. During the mixing process, it is necessary to adjust the cutting depth of the tool, the speed of the rotor, and the walking speed according to the mixing situation of the material and the construction requirements. At the same time, attention should be paid to observing the operation status of the road mixer. If any abnormal sound or vibration is found, the machine should be stopped immediately for inspection and troubleshooting before continuing construction.

安全防護：路拌機施工時，周圍應(yīng)設(shè)置明顯的警示標志，防止無關(guān)人員進入施工區(qū)域。操作人員必須佩戴好個人防護裝備，如安全帽、護目鏡等。在設(shè)備維護和保養(yǎng)時，要先切斷電源或動力源，并懸掛警示標志，防止誤操作造成安全事故。

Safety protection: During the construction of the road mixer, clear warning signs should be set up around to prevent unrelated personnel from entering the construction area. Operators must wear personal protective equipment such as safety helmets, goggles, etc. During equipment maintenance and upkeep, it is necessary to first cut off the power supply or power source, and hang warning signs to prevent safety accidents caused by misoperation.

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